Fascism

Features of Fascism:

1. Extreme Nationalism 2. Anti-Individualist 3. Glorifies War 4. Economic Self-Sufficiency (Autarky) 5. Strength of INDIVIDUAL leader 6. Ant-classless ideology

He states there are 4 reasons for his rise. A. 1. List these 4 reasons from page 102 a. Italy has undergone a prolonged crisis before 1914 and again more acutely in 1919, in which conventional political and economical solutions no longer worked. b. A new ideology had grown out of this crisis, providing Mussolini with an alternative route to power. c. This new movement attracted the support of a cross-section of a society thoroughly disillusioned with the existing establishment. d. Mussolini’s leadership and strategy gave to this movement versatility and vitality, which contrasted all too obviously with a tried and dull government. ok 2. According to Lee why did Trasformiso create political instability? Parties were not clearly defined and government depended on a consensus reached between the different political groups, a process more known as Trasformiso. ( this is describing it but not telling me how it led to political instability - think of the bribes) 3. Why do you think did Lee stress the quote by Giolitti on how he helped Mussolini? Lee stressed the quote on Giolitti for his role which helped Mussolini because he had wanted to show the importance of the role of Giolitti’s “… failure to launch Italy to a path of a representative, mass democracy in the pre-war years…”, which helped open a pathway for Mussolini and Fascism in the current Italian government because King Victor Emmanuel did not want Giolliti’s idea of a democratic Italy if which happened Mussolini would have never come to power. ( I was referring to the quote on p102) 4. The war pushed Italy from instability to crisis. List 7 reasons he suggests. a. Different government groups were distinct on views toward World War I. b. World War I cost Italy a lot of money. c. Economic base was weakened by huge budget deficits. (what are deficits?) d. The growth of industrial production cannot be maintained after World War I due to financial deficits e. Unemployment soared after the war because there was not much need of the labor force since the war’s abruptly end. f. Inflation in the country rose. g. The industrialists and urban social classes had conflicts for personal gains after the war. 5. Name the 4 social groups Lee mentions on page 103 Lee mentioned about the urban working classes, rural working classes, industrialists and landowners as the four social groups.( and the middle classes) 6. Why could the political parties not agree? Political parties are either religious or more economically based so all parties couldn’t agree on issues regarding the crisis in Italy. (specify the groups) 7. Why did the King Victor Emmanuel according to Lee ask Mussolini to form a government? King Victor Emmanuel had wanted to choose Mussolini over Giolitti seeing Giolitti having the capacity to wage a civil war, which will threaten the King’s status in his position. (this needs to be re written as it does not make sense ) Note the comments in red. Be precise in your descriptions.